Glycerin |56-81-5
Lintlha tsa Sehlahisoa:
| Lebitso la Sehlahiswa | Glycerin |
| Thepa | Seela sa viscous se se nang mmala, se senang monko se nang le tatso e monate |
| Melting Point(°C) | 290 (101.3KPa);182(266KPa) |
| Sebaka se belang(°C) | 20 |
| Boima ba kamano (20°C) | 1.2613 |
| Boima ba mouoane (moea=1) | 3.1 |
| Mocheso o matla (°C) | 576.85 |
| Khatello e mahlonoko (MPa) | 7.5 |
| Refractive index (n20/D) | 1.474 |
| Viscosity (MPa20/D) | 6.38 |
| Sebaka sa Mollo (°C) | 523(PT);429(Khalase) |
| Ntho e phatsimang (°C) | 177 |
| Solubility | e ka monya hydrogen sulfide, hydrocyanic acid, sulfur dioxide.E ka kopanngoa le metsi, ethanol, karolo e le 'ngoe ea sehlahisoa e ka qhibiliha likarolong tse 11 tsa ethyl acetate, likarolo tse ka bang 500 tsa ether, e ke keng ea qhibiliha ka benzene, carbon disulfide, trichloromethane, carbon tetrachloride, petroleum ether, chloroform, oli.Ho felloa ke metsi ha bonolo, ho lahleheloa ke metsi ho etsa bis-glycerol le polyglycerol, joalo-joalo. Oxidation ho hlahisa glycerol aldehyde le glycerol acid.E tiisa ho 0 ° C, e etsa likristale tsa rhombohedral tse nang le glitter.Polymerization e etsahala ka mocheso o ka bang 150°C.E ke ke ea kopanngoa le anhydride ea anhydrous acetic, potassium permanganate, acid e matla, li-corrosives, mafura a amine, isocyanates, li-oxidising agents. |
Tlhaloso ea Sehlahisoa:
Glycerin, e tsejoang e le glycerol ho ea ka maemo a naha, ha e na 'mala, e sa nkheng, e monate-monkomokelikeli o phelang o nang le ponahalo ya lero le bonaletsang la viscous.Hangata e tsejoa e le glycerol.Glycerol, e ka monya mongobo moeeng, empa hape e monya hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen cyanide le sulfur dioxide.
Thepa ea Sehlahisoa le Botsitso:
1.Mokelikeli o se nang 'mala, o bonaletsang, o se nang monko, o nang le viscous o nang le tatso e monate le hygroscopicity.E kopantsoe le metsi le lino tse tahang, li-amine, phenol ka tekanyo efe kapa efe, tharollo ea metsi ha e nke lehlakore.E qhibiliha ka makhetlo a 11 ethyl acetate, makhetlo a ka bang 500 ether.Ha e qhibilihe ka har'a benzene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, carbon disulfide, petroleum ethers, oli, lino tse tahang tsa ketane e telele.Ho chesa, ho ka baka mollo le ho phatloha ha ho kopana le li-oxidising agents tse matla tse kang chromium dioxide le potassium chlorate.Hape ke motsoako o motle bakeng sa matsoai le likhase tse ngata tsa inorganic.Ha e senyehe ho litšepe, e ka ba oxidised ho acrolein ha e sebelisoa e le solvent.
2.Chemical properties: esterification reaction with acid, such as with benzene dicarboxylic acid esterification ho hlahisa alkyd resin.Karabelo ea transesterification ka ester.Ha e kopana le hydrogen chloride ho etsa joala bo hloekisitsoeng.Glycerol dehydration e na le litsela tse peli: intermolecular dehydration ho fumana diglycerol le polyglycerol;intramolecular dehydration ho fumana acrolein.Glycerol e sebetsana le li-base ho theha makhoba a tahi.Ho itšoara ka aldehydes le ketone ho hlahisa li-acetal le ketone.Oxidation ka dilute nitric acid e hlahisa glyceraldehyde le dihydroxyacetone;oxidation le periodic acid e hlahisa formic acid le formaldehyde.Ka li-oxidants tse matla tse kang chromic anhydride, potassium chlorate kapa potassium permanganate contact, e ka baka mollo kapa ho phatloha.Glycerol e ka boela ea bapala karolo ea nitrification le acetylation.
3.Non chefo.Esita le haeba kakaretso ea ho noa ho fihlela ho 100g ea tharollo ea dilute e se na kotsi, 'meleng ka mor'a hydrolysis le oxidation' me e be mohloli oa limatlafatsi.Litekong tsa liphoofolo, e na le phello e tšoanang ea anesthesia joaloka joala ha e etsoa ho noa chelete e ngata haholo.
4. E teng ho bakang koae, koae e likhopo tse tšoeu, koae ea linoko le mosi oa sakerete.
5.E etsahala ka tlhaho ho koae, biri, veine, cocoa.
Sesebelisoa sa Sehlahisoa:
1. Indasteri ea resin: e sebelisoa ha ho etsoa alkyd resin le epoxy resin.
2. Indasteri ea ho roala: e sebelisoang indastering ea ho roala ho etsa litlolo tse sa tšoaneng tsa alkyd, li-polyester resin, glycidyl ethers le epoxy resin, joalo-joalo.
3. Indasteri ea masela le ea khatiso le ho daea: e sebelisetsoang ho etsa lubricant, mohanyetsi oa mongobo, moemeli oa kalafo oa ho fokotseha ha masela a sosobaneng, moemeli oa phallo le moemeli oa ho kenella.
Mekhoa ea ho Boloka Sehlahisoa:
1. Boloka sebakeng se hloekileng le se omileng, se lokela ho ela hloko polokelo e tiisitsoeng.Ela hloko ho thibela mongobo, ho thibela metsi, ho senya, ho thibela ka tieo ho kopanya le li-oxidants tse matla.E ka bolokoa ka lijaneng tse entsoeng ka tin-plated kapa tsa tšepe e sa hloekang.
2. E phuthetsoe ka meqomo ea aluminium kapa meqomo ea tšepe kapa e bolokiloe ka litanka tse nang le phenolic resin.E lokela ho sireletsoa mongobo, mocheso le metsi nakong ea polokelo le ho tsamaisa.Ho thibetsoe ho kopanya glycerol hammoho le li-oxidising agents tse matla (mohlala, nitric acid, potassium permanganate, joalo-joalo).E lokela ho bolokoa le ho tsamaisoa ho latela melao e akaretsang ea lik'hemik'hale tse tukang mollo.
Lintlha tsa polokelo ea Sehlahisoa:
1.E boloke sebakeng sa polokelo se pholileng, se nang le moea o pholileng.
2.Kena hole le mollo le mohloli oa mocheso.
3. Boloka setshelo se tiisitsoe.
4.E lokela ho bolokoa ka thoko ho li-oxidising agents, li-agent tse fokotsang, li-alkali le lik'hemik'hale tse jeoang, u se ke ua kopanya polokelo.
5.E na le mefuta e fapaneng e loketseng le bongata ba lisebelisoa tsa ho tima mollo.
6.Sebaka sa polokelo se lokela ho ba le lisebelisoa tsa phekolo ea tšohanyetso ea ho lutla le lisebelisoa tse loketseng tsa bolulo.
